Katalóg požiadaviek na MS z ANJ platný od 2013/1014

MATURITA B1

http://www.statpedu.sk/files/documents/cp-2013-2014/cp_anglicky_jazyk_b1_2013_2014.pdf

MATURITA B2

http://www.statpedu.sk/files/documents/cp-2013-2014/cp_anglicky_jazyk_b2_2013_2014.pdf

 

Certifikáty z CJ neplatia

Náhrady maturitnej skúšky zahraničným certifikátom sú zrušené od marca 2014.

 

Your school-leaving examination:

• At the desk, there is a panel of  three English teachers and you.
• talk about the three tasks:
• TASK 1 - visual input/pictures (5 minutes),
• TASK 2 - the major topic (10 minutes),
• TASK 3 - simulation or role -play (5 minutes)

 

EXAMPLES:

Student's Worksheet B1

Task 1 Health Care

• Look at the pictures and describe them.

• What is a healthy lifestyle?

• What do people do when they are ill? Describe visiting a doctor.

• How do you care about your health?

Task 2 Culture and Arts

• What types of arts do you know? Which is your favourite one and why?

• Choose one playwright/painter/musician/writer/actor/film maker and tell us more about his/her life and work.

• Describe a visit to the theatre and compare it to visiting the cinema.

• Talk about the music you like listening to.

Task 3 Simulation/Role-play – Towns and Places

• After your graduation you have decided to have a gap year. Talk about countries/places you would like to visit and explain why.

 

Student's Worksheet B2

Task 1 Housing

Compare and contrast the photographs and say what you think it would be like to live in there. Which building would you choose to live in. Why? Describe the place you live in.

Task 2 Shopping and Services

What kinds of specialised shops do you know? What do they offer?

Name some methods of advertising. What is the main aim of advertising agencies? Do advertisements influence you? What do you like/dislike about advertising.

What can you get at a department store? What are the pros and cons of spending free time at the mall?

What could be done to improve the relationship between shop assistants and customers?

Which services do POST, BANK and POLICE provide?

Task 3 Simulation: Health Care

Have you ever considered donating organs after your death?

Is there a reason why you would not do it?

What do you think of organ donation as a way to save another person‘s life?

Do you think medical science will one day conquer all diseases?

 ANJKAJ

NOTE:  You will find some information on the topic Printing and Bookbinding below.

AEYERS ROCK - an Aboriginal holy place ULURU,

• situated in the desert in the Northern Territory, Australia,
• 335 m high, 9 km round,
• named after Sir Henry AYERS, a South Australia premier
• dramatically changes its colour at sunset.

 

Phrases for Persuasion

Here are a few to remember:

• I am certain. . .

• I’m sure that you can see that . . .

• What needs to be done/what we need to do. . .

• I ask you to think about . . .

• I am talking in order to . . .

• Nevertheless . . .

• On the other hand . . .

• It has come to my attention that . . .

• If you move forward with . . .

• Obviously. . .

• Surely . . .

• Regardless . . .

• If [ ] were to happen, then . . .

• This can be fixed by . . .

•  

Useful expressions for an itinerary

Slovakia/ UK/USA/

• You should take a walk to ...

• Then come down...

• You can choose from the wide offer of ... (galleries, museums...)

• Enjoy (Bratislava’s Summer of Culture)

• You can find here a few...

• Don’t omit to visit ...

• You can reach ... right from ...

• Use the cabin car from ... to ...

• In addition to a wonderful view and ... you can find here ...

• For those not wanting to (climb down) there is ...

• Alternatively you can ... (stay in ... and play golf or go for a swim...)

• The best choice is to ...

• It’s a perfect place to do sth or to have a closer look at sth

• If you are interested you can ask for a short excursion in ...

• There will be more opportunities for doing sth

• You can end up in ... (some place)

• You will see how (people lived...)

• ... is to be seen here (as well)

• Try time travelling and visit ...

• Take a tour around...

• ... is the most famous part of the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites

• ... which reminds you of...

• ...contrast(s) with..

 

BOOKBINDING

 

Bookbinding is the process of physically assembling a book from a number of folded or unfolded sheets of paper or other material. It usually involves attaching a book cover to the resulting text-block. There are hardback books and paperback

books.

 

PARTS OF A CASE BOUND BOOK

GLOSSARY

back lining/headcap	chrbátnik
sheet paper/flat paper	čistý hárok
bookmaking finishing process	dokončovacie spracovanie, knihárske
over-and-over fold	dva lomy do kríža
foil proof/covering/coating	fóliový poťah
French fold	francúzsky lom,
concertina/ zigzag /accordion /fan /back and forth fold	harmonikový/ cik-cak lom
plastic comb binding	hrebeňová väzba
thickness of book back/spine	hrúbka knižného chrbta
thick sheet paper	hrubý formát
letter folding	jeden jednoduchý lom
simple fold	jednoduchý lom
head-band/bead	kapitálik
book joint/grove	knižná drážka
flag book mark	knižná záložka
signature	knižná zložka
book covers/cover boards	knižné dosky z kartónu
book hard plastic covers	knižné dosky z tuhých plastov
book cords/raised bands	knižné väzy
body of book	knižný blok
book sheet	knižný hárok
book cover gluing	knižný polep
feather proof/covering/coating	kožený poťah
wire-o binding/concealed double-loop/double-loop wire	krúžková väzba
laminating	laminovanie
laminated book proof/covering/coating	laminovaný poťah
verso	ľavá stránka, párna stránka, chrbtová strana
adhesive binding/perfect binding	lepená väzba
gluing	lepenie
glued book back	lepenie knižného chrbta
leporelo	leporelo
soft binding	mäkka väzba
untrimmed size	neorezaný formát
window fold	okienkový lom
edging of the body/trimming	orezanie knižného bloku
edge	oriezka/orezanie
paper proof/covering/coating	papierový poťah
paralel fold	paralelný lom
perforation	perforovanie
cloth book back	platený knižný chrbát
cloth proof/covering/coating	platený obťah
number of folds	počet lomov
half-hard binding	polotvrdá väzba
fold sequence	poradie/postupnosť lomov
printed endpaper	potlačená predsádka
fold position on the sheet	pozícia lomov na hárku
recto	pravá stránka, lícna strana, nepárna stránka
right-angle fold	pravouhlý lom
book jacket	prebal
front book board/cover	predná knižná doska
fore edge	predná oriezka/predný okraj knihy
endpaper	predsádka
industrial bookbinding	priemyslové väzby
cutting	rezanie
signature	signatúra
stitched soft binding	šitá mäkka väzba
stitching/sewing	šitie
saddle stitching/sewing by wire staples	šitie drôtenými skobkami na striešku, brožovanie
chopper blade	skladací nôž na priečný lom
folding machine	skladací stroj
folding cylinder	skladací valec/cylinder
gatefold	skladačka, lomy skladané do seba
folding	skladanie
spiral/coil/plastic binding	špirálová väzba
tail edge	spodná oriezka/spodný okraj knihy
snap-out	súbor listov lepených v lište
symmetrical/asymmetrical fold positions	symetrická/nesymetrická pozície lomov
hard cover binding/ cased binding	tvrdá väzba
adhesive hard binding	tvrdá väzba lepená
thread-stitched binding	tvrdá väzba šitá niťou
flyleaf	vakát
top edge	vrchná oriezka
crop/cropping	výsek, bigovanie
back book board/cover	zadná knižná doska
rounded back	zaoblený knižný chrbát
gathering-and-stitching machine	znášacia zošívačka
gathering	znášanie - skladanie potlačených listov do knižného

 

PARTS OF A BOOK

 

What is a book's FRONT MATTER? Front matter is the information that appears up front and first in a book. The front matter contains the nuts and bolts of the book’s publication—information like title, author, publisher, ISBN and Library Congress data. The front matter pages generally aren’t visibly numbered; when they are, the numbers appear as Roman numerals.

Here are the typical parts of a book's front matter:

Half title, sometimes called bastard title — is just the title of the book (you can think of it as a kind of half the title page) Frontispice — is the piece of artwork on the left (“verso”) side of the page opposite the title page on the right (“recto”) side. Title page – this is a page which contains the title of the book, the author (or authors) and the publisher. Copyright page — includes:

the declaration of copyright (that is, who owns the copyright, generally the authors)

other types of credits, such as illustrators, editorial staff, indexer, etc., and sometimes notes from the publishers

copyright acknowledgments — for books that contain reprinted material that requires permissions, such as excerpts, song lyrics

edition number — this number represents the number of the edition and of the printing. Some books will specifically note “First Edition”; others don’t declare that they are first editions, and instead is represent their printings with a number. In those cases, a first edition would look like:

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

A second edition would be noted as: 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data – which includes information such as title, authors, ISBN, Library of Congress number, subject matter, year of publication.

Dedication — where the author honors an individual or individuals by declaring that the labor of the book is “To” [name or names] Acknowledgements — the author’s thanks to those who contributed time and resources towards the effort of writing the book. Table of Contents — outlines what is in each chapter of the book. Foreword — is a “set up” for the book, typically written by someone other than the author. Preface or Introduction — is a “set up” for the book’s contents, generally by the author.

 

ISBN

ISBN – International Standard Book Number precisely identifies a book, there should be no two books with the same number. The following publishing of the same book has a new number ISBN.

The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a unique numeric commercial book identifier based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) code created by Gordon Foster, Emeritus Professor of Statistics at Trinity College, Dublin, for the booksellers and stationers.

The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO 2108.

Since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with "Bookland" European Article Number EAN-13s.

An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation (except reprintings) of a book. For example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, and 10 digits long if assigned before 2007.

An International Standard Book Number consists of 4 parts (if it is a 10 digit ISBN) or 5 parts (for a 13 digit ISBN):

 

 

 

The parts of a 10-digit ISBN and the corresponding EAN-13 and barcode.

Note the different check digits in each. The part of the EAN-13 labeled "EAN" is the Bookland country code.

For a 13-digit ISBN, a prefix element - a GS1 prefix: so far 978 or 979 have been made available by GS1,

the registration group element, (language-sharing country group, individual country or territory)

the registrant element,

the publication element,and

a checksum character or check digit.

 

The 13-digit ISBN separates its parts (prefix element, registration group, registrant, publication and check digit) with either a hyphen or a space. Other than the prefix and the check digit, no part of the ISBN has a fixed number of digits.

The 10-digit ISBN also separated its parts (registration group, registrant, publication and check digit) with either a hyphen or a space.

 ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency. In Slovakia it is the National Agency ISBN in Martin.

 

What is a book's BODY MATTER?

Body matter is the core contents of the book— often divided into segments:

Parts

Sections

Chapters

 

The body matter is numbered with Arabic numerals beginning with the number “1” on the first page of the first chapter.

Art program — anything that isn’t text (photographs, illustrations, tables, graphs, etc.) is considered to be part of the book’s art program. The art program might be integrated into each page or appear all together within a separate “signature” somewhere in the book.

 

In non-fiction literature there there could be:

marginálie – marginalia

poznámky pod čiarou – footnotes

záhlavie- header, heading

 

What is a book's END MATTER? End matter is the materials at the back of the book, generally optional.

Glossary — Bibliography – most often seen in non-fiction like biography or in academic books,

a bibliography lists the reference sources used in researching the book. Index – the index is placed at the end of the book, and lists all the major references in the book (such as major topics, mentions of key people in the book, etc.) and their specific, corresponding page numbers. Publishing imprint: publishing and printing data: author(s), title, publisher, edition, printing house where a book was printed, circulation, number of publisher’s sheets, number of author’s sheets, production number

Errata (sg. erratum) – publishers issue an erratum for a production error

 

 

Printing

 

Printing was another Chinese invention in the ninth century AD. The first known book not written by hand was printed in what is now China, from engraved wooden blocks.

Because Chinese writing was in the form of a very large number of pictographs, moveable type was of little advantage. However such cast type did appear in Korea before developing quite independently in Europe.

 

Johannes Gutenberg's printing

 

A major advance in the West was Johannes Gutenberg's printing from cast metal type (c.1450 AD), still hand composed on a mostly wooden press.

The next great change was slow to arrive, being the metal printing press developed by Lord Charles Stanhope in 1803. This still relied on human power to operate, however.

A steam-powered press invented by the German Friedrich Koenig followed in 1810.

An American, Richard Hoe, invented the faster rotary press in 1846.

Printing raced further ahead when the mechanical composition of type was perfected in 1886 with the Linotype compositor.

Lithography was long used to print pictures for books.

From this method came the idea for offset printing, and the first offset press appeared in 1904.

In offset printing the method of "relief" printing from cast metal type, traditional since Gutenberg, is replaced by a smooth photographic plate. By 1980 offset printing was taking over from the older method in many countries.

That was only the beginning of the modern printing revolution. From 1968 computers became involved in printing (the Linotron). In 1983 the offset plate progressed to a format involving the laser-beam transference of stored digital information. Gradually, printing world-wide became a digital and computerized process, and mechanical printing began to disappear.

The Digital Revolution

 

It was only a matter of time that books could exist in a purely electronic form.

Digital books could be updated, be searchable electronically, include sounds & video and even a dictionary, and interact directly with the new Internet, and therefore contain instant links to further information.

 

E-Book

 

The electronic book or e-book (also spelt ebook and eBook) began in the last years of the twentieth century, existing as virtually stored in a digital file.

The book is one of humanity's most enduring cultural artifacts and treasures. The ability to read and write is our greatest tool in education, the most important medium for the transmission of ideas and the human culture.

 

Why should we continue to value, preserve, read and write books?

 

books record our past and progress

contain our experiments,  knowledge, and accumulated wisdom

proclaim our fears and ideas

champion our ideals, dreams, and hopes for the future

 

carry the heart and soul of our civilization forward, and keep it accessible. Long live the book.

CONVENTIONAL PRINTING TECHNOLOGY

 

All printing process are concerned with two kinds of areas on the final output:

Image of printing areas

Non-image or non-printing areas

 

THE FOUR MAIN CONVENTIONAL PRINTING TECHNOLOGIES (IN PRINCIPLE):

 

1. Planographics, in which the printing and non-printing areas are on the same plane surface and the difference between them is maintained chemically or by physical properties, the examples are: offset lithography, collotype, and screenless printing.

2. Relief, in which the printing areas are on a plane surface and the non printing areas are below the surface, examples: flexography and letterpress.

 

Currently, most books and newspapers are printed using the technique of offset lithography.

3. Intaglio, in which the non-printing areas are on a plane surface and the printing area are etched or engraved below the surface, examples: steel die engraving, gravure.

4. Porous, in which the printing areas are on fine mesh screens through which ink can penetrate, and the non-printing areas are a stencil over the screen to block the flow of ink in those areas, examples: screen printing.

 

 

OFFSET PRESS

 

Offset printing

   is a widely used printing technique where

- the inked image is transferred (or "offset") from a plate to a rubber blanket,

- then to the printing surface.

 

  When used in combination with the lithographic process, which is based on the repulsion of oil and water,

- the offset technique employs a flat (planographic) image carrier on which the image to be printed obtains

  ink from ink rollers,

- while the non-printing area attracts a film of water, keeping the non-printing areas ink-free.

 

 

OTHER PRINTING TECHNIQUES:

 

flexography used for packaging, labels, newspapers

hot wax dye transfer

inkjet used typically to print a small number of books or packaging and also, to print a variety of materials from high quality papers simulating offset printing, to floor tiles; Inkjet is also used to apply mailing addresses to direct mail pieces

laser printing (Toner Printing) mainly used in offices and for transactional printing (bills, bank documents). Laser printing is commonly used by direct mail companies to create variable data letters or coupons.

pad printing popular for its unusual ability to print on complex three-dimensional surfaces

relief print mainly used for catalogues

rotogravure mainly used for magazines and packaging

screen-printing from T-shirts to floor tiles

Intaglio used mainly for high value documents such as currencies

Thermal printing popular in the 1990s for Fax printing, used today for airline baggage tags

 

 

GLOSSARY

antimony	antimón
baked clay tablet	vypálená hlinená tabuľka
bark	kôra
blue printing	reprografia
blurred print	rozmazaná tlač
book in print	kniha v tlači
book printing	kníhtlač
collotype	svetlotlač
copper	meď
flax	ľan
flexography	flexografia
gravure printing	hĺbkotlač
gravure rotary press	hĺbkotlačová rotačka
hemp	konope
image carrier	nosič
impression	odlačok
intaglio	intaglio z hĺbky
lead	olovo
letterpress	tlač z výšky
maintain	udržiavať
offset lithography	ofsetová hĺbkotlač
papyrus roll	papyrusový zvitok
property	vlastnosť
screenless printing	sieťotlač
stensil printing	filmová tlač, tlač postrekom
Thermal printing	tepelná tlač
tin	cín
wax coating	voskový povrch
offset web-fed/printing machine	kotúčový ofsetový stroj
uncoiling device	odvíjacie zariadenie
alternative printing unit	alternatívna tlačová jednotka
printing unit-black	tlačový agregát - čierna
printing unit-cyan	tlačový agregát-azúrová
printing unit- magenta	tlačový agregát-purpurová
printing unit- yellow	tlačový agregát-žltá
drying machine	sušiaci agregát
chill roll stand	chladiace valce
re-moistening unit	zariadenie na opätovné zvlhčenie
perforating unit	perforačná jednotka
folder unit	skladacia jednotka
product stream delivery	šupinovitý transport výtlačkov
right-angle fold	pravouhlý lom