HOMWEWORK

Párny týždeň - STREDA

Nepárny týždeň - STREDA

5-minute talks ME AND MY FAMILY

Yes!book - Family + all the tasks+piscture descriptions

topic1.Family-NEW.docx

vocab 1_Family_pokr..docx

PPT presentation  01_FAMILY.ppt

1. Family

• Name, age, date of birth, address, marital status, weekdays (daily routine) and weekends, important moments in your life
• Members of your family (appearance –výzor, character, hobbies), housework
• your perfect partner, your vision of your own family
• Family relations – which members of your family are you closest to (kto ti je najbližší, s kým si najviac rozumieš)? Why?

 

A family usually consists of (pozostáva z) a mother, father and their children (siblings (súrodenci) – brother, sister), and grandparents (grandfather and grandmother) who live together in one home. They are members of an immediate family (najbližšia rodina). But a family doesn’t consist just of our immediate family. We have cousins, uncles, aunts, nephews, nieces, mothers-in-law, fathers-in-law, sisters-in-law, brothers-in-law, who are members of our extended family (širšie príbuzenstvo).

A functioning family should provide protection (ochrana), education, help and security (bezpečnosť) to all its members. Strong relationships (vzťahy) are often created between siblings (súrodenci), cousins, parents, aunts, uncles, grandparents and other relatives (príbuzní).

        All family members have some duties (povinnosti) and responsibilities (zodpovednosti). Parents should teach their children what is good and bad, how to solve problems (riešiť problem) in life, how to become an independent (nezávislý) person and care about (starať sa o koho) others. Democratic parents talk with their children and respect them. Strict parents (prísni rodičia) do not make compromises, which often creates a generation gap (generačná priepasť/rozdiel) between them and their own children. The main duty of children is learning and going to school. They should also help their parents with housework (domáce práce). (I do the shopping, I do the washing up, I tidy up my room, I take out the trash; my mum cooks, washes and dry dishes, hoovers the floor, clears the table, sets the table, does the washing/washes the clothes, takes the dog for a walk; my father is responsible for feeding the dog, washing the windows, shovelling the snow, washing the car, cleaning the toilet and bathroom; my sister’s duty is (povinnosťou mojej sestry je) to dust the furniture (utierať prach z nábytku), to hang out (vyvesiť) the clothes/washing, to put away books, to make her bed, to water the flowers, to watch my little brother (dávať pozor na malého brata) and sometimes she goes shopping with me and my mum.

        Modern European families are monogamous (monogamné) most of young people get married (sa vydáva/žení) in their late twenties or early thirties. Many young people live together in the same home but are not a husband and wife. This is called cohabitation (spolužitie “na divoko”). Older generations think this is not correct.

        The wedding (svadba) is a formal act and it takes place in a town hall (radnica) or in a church (kostol). The engaged couple (snúbenecký pár) exchange their wedding rings (obrúčky) and promise themselves (sľúbiť si navzájom) to live together in good and bad and in illness too. Nowadays, many couples are divorced (rozvedené). Their frequent reasons for a divorce are problems with trust (dôvera), money, living with parents and parents-in-law, alcohol, drugs, gambling (gamblerstvo) and unemployement (nezamestnanosť).

        When one of the parents dies, children stay with a single parent (jediný rodič). A woman who loses (stratí) her husband (manžel) is called a widow (vdova) and a man is called a widower (vdovec). When they get married again, the new parents are called step- parents (nevlastní rodičia) and their children are step-sisters and step-brothers. Sometimes, divorced parents get married once again. Bad relationships with new step-parents lead to (viesť k niečomu) problems and frequent arguments (časté hádky).

        Family life is different all around the world. In Slovakia many families meet together for special days, such as on birthdays, at weddings, feasts (hody/hostiny) and funerals (pohreby), graduation ceremonies (promócie). A family, a real home and relatives (príbuzní) are what we need for life. They always help us when we need them.

• Biography, address, date of birth, marital status (single-slobodný, married- ženatý/vydatá, divorced-rozvedený/á, widow-vdova, widower, single mother – slobodná matka, single parent family, bachelor [bečlr](starý mládenec), spinster (stará dievka), boy/girlfriend, fiancé (snúbenec) [fionsei] – man you plan to marry/fiancée – woman you plan to marry, engagement – zásnuby, engagement ring, to be engaged – byť zasnúbený, wedding – svadba, bridegroom –ženích, bride – nevesta, wedding ceremony, honey moon – svadobná cesta, marriage – manželstvo, orphan – sirota, husband, wife, parents, mother, father); nuclear family – people you live with (najbližšia rodina, mother, father, siblings), step (nevlastná)- mother, brother, sister, mother-in-law (svokra) ; extended family – all your relatives (príbuzní) – cousin, uncle, aunt, grandparents,
• Important moments in your life (birth of your brother or sister, wedding anniversaries of your grandparents and parents, your birthday, family celebrations and holidays, moving from one place to another, the day when I went to school for the first time, the day when I learned that I had passed the talent exams and was accepted at the secondary school of arts, the day when I met my boyfriend/girlfriend, etc.)
• Members of your family – appearance (výzor), character (vlastnosti, charakter), hobbies. O najbližšej rodine vedieť a aspoň nejakého bratranca, prípadne uja, tetu), describe your family tree (rodostrom)
• Family relations – which members of your family are you closest to (kto ti je najbližší, s kým si najviac rozumieš)? Why?
• Family relations –celebrations (oslavy, sviatky, narodeniny, Vianoce, Veľká Noc when all members of your family get together), your daily routine – weekday, weekend (čo robíš cez deň, čo cez víkendy – pozor, prítomný jednoduchý čas, dej sa opakuje) (I wake up/get up at 6.oo o’clock, make my bed, clean my teeth, wash my face, have a shower, get dressed, comb my hair, have breakfast, put on my coat, leave home  at 7.00, I go to school by bus, my mum takes me to school, it takes me about 30 minutes to get to school, my lessons start at... and usually finish at, I have/do not have lunch at school canteen, I come back home/get home at..., I have a rest, have something for my lunch, do my homework, help my mother, watch TV, draw, paint, prepare for school, revise for my exams, go out with my friends, read a book, listen to the music, have a bath, go to bed.
• Generation gap (medzigeneračné rozdiely) – do your parents understand your problems, do they help you with them, do you talk to them about common things and about your relationships with your friends? Are they strict?
• How do you help your parents – house chores (domáce práce) ( I do the washing up, I go shopping, I walk my dog, take out the rubbish, I do the hoovering, every day I make my bed, on Sundays I usually tidy up my room / clear up the mess in my room, I play with my younger sister, etc.) Ako sú rozdelené domáce práce, kto čo robí
• Typical Slovak family, compare (porovnaj) your family life with family life in other countries (napr. In China  they have a single child policy; in less developed countries – all members of a family usually live together, in developed countries – when children grow up, they tend to move and live on their own.
• Slovakia - typical Slovak family is a complete family (úplná rodina) with 2 children, often one of the parents is unemployed (nezamestnaný). They live in a family house in a village together with grandparents or they live in a town in a three-room flat or four-room flat in a housing estate (na sídlisku). Mother works in an office or in a shop and father is a driver or worker. They go on holiday once a year, usually to Croatia. But the number (počet) of incomplete (neúplných) families has increased (vzrástol), there are a lot of single parent families – usually mother and one child. There are a lot of divorces. People get divorced because they have problems with money, trust (dôvera), one of the partners has a love affair, they don’t understand each other, they have different interests, a husband is drug addict or alcoholic or gambler (hazardný hráč), they don’t love each other anymore. Families in towns do not live together, in villages it is common that 3 generations live together – grandparents, parents and their children, in Slovakia you can get married when you are 18, but in case there is a serious reason (e.g. pregnancy – tehotenstvo) you might get permission to get married starting with the age of 16. You can have a civil or church wedding ceremony.
• Great Britain – children live with their parents until they finish their schools, but then they move and live on their own. A lot of families consist of one parent; there are lots of single-parent families. People often get divorced and get married again. Children often visit their parents at weekends, they go on holiday together and they spend Christmas together.
• The USA - children live with their parents until they finish their studies, but then they move and live on their own. They often live far away (veľmi ďaleko) from their parents, sometimes in a different state. Families usually get together on special days and occasions. They meet on Thanksgiving Day and eat roast turkey and vegetables. They have fun, they talk together and have family celebration. Families also meet at Christmas.
• Orphan – a child whose parents are dead, an orphan lives in an orphanage or a foster home, it is difficult to adopt children in our society, you have to fill in a lot of forms and they (the authorities) check your family, living conditions, income.

Otázky: 1. What does family mean to you?

2. What are the functions of a family?
3. What are the main roles of children and parents in a family?
4. What is cohabitation?
5. Why do people get divorced?
6. When does your family usually get together?
7. Describe your mother (appearance, character, hobbies)
8. Who are you closest to in your family and why? (kto ti je najbližší v rodine a prečo)
9. Make the pairs from the following words. Example: mother-father

Mother, brother, mother-in-law, aunt, niece, grandfather, daughter, sister-in-law, husband, father, sister, uncle, nephew, father-in-law, grandmother, wife, son, brother-in-law

10. What do you think, what are the qualities of an ideal father and mother? Use the phrases and vocabulary below to help you.

I think that an ideal father/mother should/shouldn’t be ……. (friendly, democratic, liberal, strict, helpful, reliable, emphatic, responsible)

In my opinion ideal parents should/shouldn’t…. (listen to their children, talk to their children, make compromises, solve their children’s problems, buy their children what they want, spend weekends with their children, punish their children)

Describing people – their appearance (opis ľudí – ich zovňajšok) How do they look like? 11. Describe 2 members of your family:

Age: young; middle-aged (v strednom veku); older; elderly (postarší), he is in his ealy 30s (má asi do 35 rokov), she is in her mid 30s (má asi 35 orkov); they are in their late 30s (majú takmer 40 rokov); he is retired (je na dôchodku)

Figure – build (postava): slim (štíhly); skinny (vychudnutý), thin (tenký, chuddy), he is of medium build (je strednej postavy- ani chudý, ani tučný); he is well-built (je urastený); plump (bacuľatý); fat (tučný); overweight (obézny)

Height (výška): small, tall, short; he is of medium height (je strednej výšky)

Face (tvár): thin, chubby (bucľatý), round (okrúhla; oval (oválna) square (štvorcová); sun-tanned (opálená); pale (bledý), full lips (plné pery); thin lips; long/straight/turned up (vyvrátený) nos. Skin (pleť): dark (snedý, tmavý), fair (svetlý).

Hair: long/short/straight (rovné)/curly (kučeravé) / wavy (vlnité); fringe (ofina), ponytail (vrkoč), spiky (na ježka), he is bald (on je plešatý), highlighted (melírované); dyed (farbené), blond, dark, fair (plavý, svetlý), grey, red, white.

Clothes: he/she usually wears casual (neformálne), smart (elegantné), fashionable (módne), old-fashioned (staromódne), conservative, elegant, comfortable (pohodlné), scruffy (rozgajdané) clothes, he/she is always neat (upravený);

Other features (iné znaky/črty): He wears glasses (nosí okuliare). He is scarred (je zjazvený). She has freckles (má pehy), he has a beard (bradu), moustache (fúzy), wrinkles (vrásky), he is unshaven (je neooholený).

 

 

1. FAMILY

FAMILY = the basic social group, present in all societies

- should provide companionship and security, love and emotional support
- different structures (vary from society to society):

NUCLEAR FAMILY (úplná rodina)
* 2 adults and their children = the main unit in many societies

EXTENDED FAMILY (široká rodina)
* nuclear family + granparents and other relatives

SINGLE PARENT FAMILY (jeden rodič)
* a result of divorce or unmarried mothers having children

STEP FAMILY (nevlastná rodina)
* created by the new marriage of a single parent
* there can be problems between the children and step parents (may not like each other, be jealous, etc.)

UNMARRIED COUPLES (slobodné páry)
* pretty common nowadays to co-habit without getting married (young people or elderly widowed couples ŕ find it economically practical to live together without marrying)

HOMOSEXUAL COUPLES
* also live together more openly today
* sometimes share their households with the children of one partner or with adopted children

The family composition in industrial societies has changed dramatically. Couples tend to have less children - averagely 2 (compared to 7 in 1800).
It is partly caused by the continuing changes in women´s roles:

* have joined the labour force
* increasing employment and education opportunities of women
* rising expectations of personal satisfaction through marriage and family

Some couples choose to postpone having children until their careers are well established or not to have any at all.
Childless families may also be the result of the availability of birth control measures (contraception, abortion).

The divorce trend: increasing, partly due to the fact that women are economically more self-supporting and legal grounds for divorce are eased, therefore it´s easier for partners to leave a dissatisfactory relationship.

Causes of split up: unfaithfulness, infertility, interefernce by in-laws, financial problems, jealousy...

Possible family problems: teenage mothers, abortion: Yes or No?, young couples, adoption, generation gap, housing...

OUTLET

- define family
- types of family units
- changes in family structure
- causes of the changes
- the divorce trend
- split up causes
- possible problems (name some and choose one for a longer talk)

QUESTIONS

1. What´s the right age to start a family?
2. Does having a baby mean one has to be married?
3. How long should people know each other before getting married?
4. Would you like to get married one day?
5. What kind of person should your potential spouse be?
6. What kind of wedding would you like to have? (Where) Would you like to go on your honeymoon?
7. Would you like to have children? How many?
8. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having children?
9. What makes a good marriage? What leads to marriage problems and divorce?
10. Do you agree that lifelong marriage is no longer expected in society?

watch the video - talking about your family https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vXI2lRCnTKw

17. FOOD

1.       Food and drinks during a day, your favourite meal. How do you make it?

2.       Places where people eat (restaurants, at home, at school canteen)

3.       National cuisine – traditions, specialties, table manners

4.       Eating habits, healthy food

People are different all over the world. People who live in colder countries need to eat more fatty (mastný) products and food which give them a lot of energy. People who live in hot countries need to eat a lot of fruit and vegetables to give their body enough energy and liquids. People who do physical work need a lot of energy and they also eat a lot of fatty products and food. In China people use chopsticks (paličky) when they eat, in Europe we use spoon (lyžica), knife (nôž) and fork (vidlička), in Africa they use their fingers or a piece of bread.

4. We have different eating habits (stravovacie návyky). Our eating habits depend on (závisia od) our lifestyle (životný štýl), our work, our mood (nálada) and feeling, our financial situation, our age and of course, the country we come from. Rich people usually eat healthier meals (jedlá) and poor people usually eat fast-food meals or junk food and they do not eat a lot of fruit and vegetables. Women usually eat healthier food than men. Those who want to eat healthy, eat a lot of low-fat products (yogurts, cheeses, skimmed milk), their food is rich in minerals, fibre (vláknina) and vitamins. They eat whole-grain (celozrnný) bread, they avoid (vyhýbajú sa) fatty meals. Women who want to lose weight eat as little as possible and kids are often fussy (vyberavý) about their food. Children often like fast-food meals such as (ako je) hamburgers, fish and chips, doughnuts, cakes, and also pasta, pizza and sausages. They love ketchup, but a lot of them hate healthy food. They like drinking fizzy drinks, lemonades and Coke is their favourite drink. They love sweet meals such as pancakes, cakes, puddings, jelly, ice-cream etc. (and so on).

 

1.       Normally, we eat three times a day – we have breakfast, lunch and dinner.

Breakfast. Slovaks usually have bread or a bread roll (rohlík) with butter, jam, honey, ham, some cheese or salami for breakfast. Some prefer scrambled eggs (praženica) or sausages. Others have a bowl (miska) of cereals (cereálie) such as cornflakes or muesli with milk. We usually drink a cup of coffee or a cup of tea for breakfast. Children have a glass of milk or cocoa for breakfast. They like yogurts, toasts with chocolate spread, bread and butter with honey or jam. The English usually begin the day with a cup of tea or coffee. British people have for breakfast toasts with butter and cheese, a bowl of cereals with milk, a cup of tea or coffee or a glass of orange juice. They do not drink tea with lemon; they put milk in it instead. Then they have a cup of tea again and finish with toast and marmalade. But nowadays more and more people prefer lighter meal for breakfast. Later in the morning the English people have another cup of tea and some biscuits.

                The traditional English breakfast starts with cereals. It is often a bowl of cornflakes (ovsené vločky) with milk or porridge (ovsená kaša). This is sometimes followed by fried bacon and eggs or sausages (párky) and fried tomatoes, often at weekends. Children often eat toasts with beans in tomato sauce.

At about 10.00 o’clock in the morning we usually have a little snack, students at school eat their home-made (doma pripravené) snacks during their break after the third lesson.

The English lunch is a light meal consisting of warm dish (teplé jedlo) and a dessert, or ham and cheese sandwich, some fruit, pudding and ice cream. Lamb (jahňacina), beef or chicken is served with potatoes, vegetables and gravy (šťava z mäsa).

In the afternoon the English have teatime again. They meet friends and have a tea party. They eat thin slices of bread with cheese and some fish and vegetables.

Dinner is the main meal of the day in Great Britain (and also in the USA). It is served at about 6 o´clock when all the members of the family are at home. This meal is often eaten in front of the television. Most dinners during the week are simple, people often use pre-cooked (predvarené) food – CONVENIENT FOOD (tinned or frozen) with frozen (mrazené) vegetables, which can be heated (môže byť zohriate) quickly. A lot of supermarkets sell frozen “TV dinners” which can be quickly prepared in the oven or a microwave. During the week the meal consists of soup and fish and chips which is considered to be typically British. The British often have chicken and boiled vegetables with pasta or rice for dinner. Sometimes they eat pork or beef steaks with vegetables. Then later in the evening around 10 o´clock it is time for light supper.

A lot of Americans love to have lunch and dinner “out” – at snack bars, fast food restaurants or expensive hotels. They also use take-away services. You go to the take-away restaurant, you buy your food, take it home and you eat it at home. Typical take-away food includes pizza, Chinese food, Indian food and the traditional fish and chips.

In our country lunch is the main meal of the day. It usually has two courses (chody). The first course is a soup and the main course consists of some meat with the side dish (príloha). Sometimes we have dessert. For lunch, Slovaks have some meat (mäso), it is usually pork (bravčové), beef (hovädzie) or poultry (hydina) with potatoes or rice. But we also eat a lot of pasta (veľa cestovín) and sweet meals.

The Slovaks prepare dinner themselves at home. It is either (buď) a warm meal or a sandwich. Sometimes they order pizza. Some people have light supper, often cheese and biscuits and a glass of milk or a mug of cocoa before they go to bed. Men usually have a glass of beer or a glass of wine in the evening.

 

2. People who are at work have their lunch at canteens (v jedálňach) or they go and buy something in fast-food restaurants (KFC or Mc Donald’s) or take-away restaurants. Pupils and students have lunch at school canteen or they eat their packed lunch (which their mums made for them the day before) at school. Businessmen often invite their business partners for lunch or dinner to a restaurant. There they can choose from daily menu which is usually cheaper and is usually offered during lunchtime. 

3. Each country has some traditional meals. Fish and chips are typically British. Pasta and pizza are considered typically Italian. Hamburger with chips is a typical American meal. In China they eat noodles and rice. Typical Slovak meal is “bryndzové halušky” (potato dumplings with sheep cheese). It is a kind of food prepared from potatoes and flour. Another traditional Slovak meal is “lokše” which are potato pancakes cooked on the stove (platni) or on a frying pan without oil. Another typical Slovak meal is cabbage soup (made of cabbage, pork, beef, plums, bacon and cream which we eat on Christmas Eve). For Christmas dinner the Slovaks usually have lentil soup (šošovicová polievka) or cabbage soup and potato salad with fried fish. We usually eat carp. The English and Americans have roast turkey with vegetables for their Christmas dinner. The British also eat Christmas pudding, which is a special cake and they eat it only on Christmas day. At Easter we usually eat smoked ham with potato salad and the English have hot cross buns on Easter Sunday.

Table manners – decide whether these manners are considered polite or impolite.

·         Use your knife to cut and your fork to put the food in your mouth.

·         Chew food with your mouth closed.

·         Have a cigarette while other people eat.

·         Sip your soup if it is too hot.

·         Ask for things to be passed to you, don't lean over the table.

·         If you have chewed the spice, spit it on the plate

·         If you need to blow your nose, excuse yourself and go out of the room first.

·         Answer your phone at the table and talk loudly and long enough.

·         Don't grab everything you want first - help others to get their food and be prepared to share.

·         Don't talk with your mouth full of food. It is not a good look!

·         Eat with fingers if nobody tells you that you cannot do that.

·         Put your elbows on the table, it is more comfortable.

·         Do not pick anything out of your teeth. If it bothers you that bad, excuse yourself and go to the toilet to pick it.

·         Always use a napkin to wipe your mouth, which should be on your lap when you do not use it.

·         If you have a cold you can blow your nose with a napkin. You don’t have excuse yourself and go to the toilet.

·         Lick your mouth when need it, do not have to use a napkin

·         It is OK to put a knife into your mouth.

·         You can start eating as soon as you are served. You do not have to wait for the others to be served

·         You can make unpleasant noises when you are at home (belching - grganie, farting-prdenie, sipping, smacking)

·         When you eat rolls, tear off a piece of it and then spread butter on it. Do not take a whole piece of a bread roll

Homework, September, 24th

complete your notes about colour theory and learn the stuff together with the layout rules

in pairs design a brochure promoting a product of your choice, think of all the rules you have to follow, texture of the surface, age of the target audience and where it will be displayed. 

submit your work by October 15 in electronic form. Each of the pair MUST be ready to give a presentation and present the product to the class. Print the brochure so it has its paper form as well. Imagine you have been asked to make a brochure because of the launch of the product!!! (Predstavte si, že ste boli požiadaní, aby ste vytvorili propagačný materiál - brožúru, lebo sa produkt uvádza na trh - to znamená, že dovtedy tu nebol)

 

MAKING A GOOD LAYOUT

 

 

 

A Good Layout:

1. works (helps a reader quickly and easily understand a message)
2. is well-organized (shows what comes first, second, third, etc.)
3. is attractive (grabs a reader’s attention) to effectively communicate a message.

 

The Elements of Design

Knowing what the basic elements of design are and how to use them will help you make the right choices to create a good layout:

• LINE – any mark connecting any points
• SHAPE – anything that has height and width
• TEXTURE – the look or feel of a surface
• SPACE – the distance or area between or around things
• SIZE – how big or small something is
• VALUE – the darkness or lightness of an area
• COLOUR – the ultimate tool for symbolic communication

 

Basic Principles of Design and Layout

 

To Help Your Layout Function:

How it works:

 

1. Determine the piece’s main message and plan your layout around it (e.g. choose a photo that supports that image)
2. Size the piece to fit its use. (e. g. if it is a brochure, make it a size that can be easily held and filed)
3. Keep in mind where the piece will be seen. (e. g. a magazine’s title should be easily seen when it is in a rack)
4. Keep your target audience in mind when sizing photos and choosing type sizes. (e. g. make everything larger and easier to see the audience is older)
5. Choose a light coloured paper and a dark ink if the piece will have to be copied on a photocopier.
6. Make sure that logo is clear and readable at all the sizes it will be used.

 

 

 

 

How to organize:

 

1. Use different sizes of type. (e. g. headlines are bigger than subheads)
2. Put colours behind an important area of information.
3. Use rules to separate information into groups.
4. Change the weight of the type. (e. g. semi-bold stands out, but bold really stands out)
5. Leave white area around information.
6. Pick the best location. (e. g. the upper left corner is usually read first)
7. Put pictures next to important copy. (e. g. they attract the eye and reinforce the message)
8. Put type in a box or give it an interesting shape.
9. Call out items by putting bullets on front of them.
10. Use different coloured or reversed type to separate and emphasize.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

How to attract:

 

1. Enlarge a photo of something small.
2. Surround a very small picture or bits of type with a lot of open space.
3. Choose bright colour when the piece will be viewed in a grey environment, such as a text-heavy magazine.
4. Use a solid black area or a large white area for a newspaper ad.
5. Crop an image in an unusual way. (e. g. show an eye, not a whole face)
6. Use very large type for a thought-provoking or humorous headline.
7. Make the piece a different size and shape from other similar pieces.
8. Choose a paper with an interesting, noticeable texture or colour.
9. Set important information in an atypical way, e.g. set a headline on a curve or try a script font or face)

 

 

 

 

Does it work? Is it organized? Is it attractive? If you can answer “yes” to each, you will know that you have made a good layout – no matter how you did.

MAKING A GOOD LAYOUT

 

A Good Layout:

• works (helps a reader quickly and easily understand a message)
• is well-organized (shows what comes first, second, third, etc.)
• is attractive (grabs a reader’s attention) to effectively communicate a message.

 

The Elements of Design

Knowing what the basic elements of design are and how to use them will help you make the right choices to create a good layout:

1. LINE – any mark connecting any points
2. SHAPE – anything that has height and width
3. TEXTURE – the look or feel of a surface
4. SPACE – the distance or area between or around things
5. SIZE – how big or small something is
6. VALUE – the darkness or lightness of an area
7. COLOUR – the ultimate (neprekonateľný, vrcholný) tool for symbolic communication

 

Basic Principles of Design and Layout

 

How to organize:

 

1. Use different sizes of type. (e. g. headlines are bigger than subheads)
2. Put colours behind an important area of information.
3. Use rules to separate information into groups.
4. Change the weight of the type. (e. g. semi-bold stands out, but bold really stands out)
5. Leave white area around information.
6. Pick the best location. (e. g. the upper left corner is usually read first)
7. Put pictures next to important copy. (e. g. they attract the eye and reinforce(posilniť, support) the message)
8. Put type (písmo) in a box or give it an interesting shape.
9. Call out items by putting bullets on front of them.
10. Use different coloured or reversed type to separate and emphasize.

 

 

 

Homework, September 17th

COLOUR MIXING

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hirYMZ7PQc

video we watched today dealing with rgb vs cmyk  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hirYMZ7PQc

 

Additive Colour Mixing RGB	Subtractive Colour Mixing CMYK
Red + Green = Yellow	Cyan + Magenta = Blue
Blue + Green = Cyan	Magenta + Yellow = Red
Red + Blue = Magenta	Cyan + Yellow = Green
Red + Green + Blue = White	Cyan + Magenta + Yellow = black (Key)

Used in: monitors, projectors, scanners                Used in: printers

 

 

COLOUR THEORY:

 

Whatever is used in the way of technical aids or colour classification systems must be aligned with

1. the colour perception of the eye of the human observer
2. and in the range of spectrum of electromagnetic waves visible to the human eye.

Both additive and substractive colour mixing processes occur in modern reproduction theory.

WATCH!!!!!!!

video explaining primary, secondary and tertiary and complimentary colours https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L1CK9bE3H_s&t=2s

video about psychology of colours https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s6ImJkv7F_Q

or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8n9BzzWy4zY

In additive colour mixing light is emitted by the source of its own.

Homework September 10th

learn some basic facts about colour psychology, rank colours top-down according to your preferences. Pick 5 out the following 7 and find their characteristics on the internet and write them down into your exercise books.

Colours to pick from: red, blue, green, purple, orange, brown. yellow

Business, Sales and the World Wide Web Are In Colour

Colours are also means of communication. They are fascinating, evocative and more successful in terms of psychology.

/watch?v=L1CK9bE3H_s&t=2s

video about psychology of colours https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s6ImJkv7F_Q

or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8n9BzzWy4zY

In additive colour mixing light is emitted by the source of its own.

 

Colour psychology

 

By using color psychology, you can send:

• a positive or negative message
• encourage sales
•  calm a crowd

 

The latest colour psychology is focused  on marketing, particularly:

• in logo design
• web site design
• the cover of a book
• the package of a product.
•  

 

NOTE:

This information will help you decided what colors to use in your marketing projects.

Also remember for the World Wide Web, that different cultures have differing views on the meaning of color.

 

 

Black

Black is the color of authority and power, stability and strength. It is also the color associated with intelligence (doctorate in black robe). Black clothes make people appear thinner. In the western hemisphere black is associated with grieving.

 

White

For most of the world this is the colour associated with purity (wedding dresses); cleanliness (doctors in white coats) and the safety of bright light. 

White is also associated with creativity (white boards, blank slates). It is a compression of all the colors in the color spectrum.

 

Gray

Gray is most associated with the practical things in life. Some shades of gray are associated with old age, death, taxes, depression or a lost sense of direction but gray is often associated with giving a helping hand, strong character

Red

Red is the colour of energy. It's associated with movement and excitement. 

Red is the symbol of life and, for this reason, it's the colour worn by brides in China. Red is used at holidays that are about love and giving (red roses, Valentines hearts, Christmas, etc.) 

 

 

Blue

Seeing the colour blue actually causes the body to produce chemicals that are calming; but that isn't true of all shades of blue. Over the ages blue has become associated with wisdom and loyalty (note how many uniforms are blue). People tend to be more productive in a blue room. 

 

Green

The colour of growth, nature, and money. A calming colour also that's very pleasing to the senses. It is also the colour associated with envy, good luck, generosity and fertility. 

 

Yellow

Cheerful yellow is the colour of the sun, associated with laughter, happiness and good times. It has the power to speed up our metabolism and bring out some creative thoughts. Some shades of yellow are associated with cowardice; but the more golden shades with the promise of better times.

 

Orange

 

It's the colour associated with funny times, happy and energetic days, warmth and organic products. It is also associated with ambition. 

 

Purple

 

most royal colour that is associated with wealth, prosperity, rich sophistication. This colour stimulates the brain activity used in problem solving.

 

Brown

This colour is most associated with reliability, stability, and friendship and  with things being natural or organic. In India it is the colour of mourning.