HOMEWORK

Nepárny týždeň - STREDA A PIATOK

“I’m drawn to music that takes me to another place – a place I can escape to.”

1^st paragraph – introduction: Music as a performing art. How does music affect your life?

2^nd paragraph – Introduce your genre(s), when and where you listen to the music (when being blue, green, happy/unhappy, on your way to school/from school), where is the imaginary place you escape to and why?

3^rd paragraph – conclusion: In conclusion, I think, To sum up, All things considered, (sum up the main ideas using different words

Wednesday FOOD + Write your RECIPE of te meal you can cook (example YES! book page 90+ 5-minute talk

5-minute talks ME AND MY FAMILY + YES!book FAMILY+ picture decriptions in the book+ Culture and art

 

2 CULTURE AND ART

a)      Cultural options in the city and in the country (museums, exhibitions, theatres, cinemas, concerts, the circus, dance)

b)      Popular forms of culture and art (genres, famous personalities)

c)       Attending cultural events

d)      Music, film, theatre and folk festivals, atmosphere

e)      Other forms of art – folk music, dance, painting, sculpture, architecture – well-known artists/performers

 

A man should hear a little music, read a little poetry and see a fine Picture every day of his life. (J. W. Goethe)

 

                Culture and art are part of everyday life of people. They add aesthetic value to our lives, enrich our mind and please our senses. Various cultural events present an interesting way of spending the free time of individuals, couples and families. Both culture and art are parts of national heritage of every country – all of them do their best to develop and promote it. Cities offer many cultural attractions to citizens and tourists.

                Art is a way of communicating feelings. Artists express themselves in many forms – music, literature, architecture, painting, drawing, sculpture. Music, dance and theatre are performing arts. Painting, sculpture, architecture and photography are decorative arts.

                 Music has become a hobby, a profession and a part of the lifestyle of many people. Those who like classical music can enjoy a concert of philharmonic orchestra in a concert hall or attend a festival. Some of the festivals are held annually, such as the Bratislava Music Festival. Composers like Mozart, Beethoven and Bach have become the most important figures of the European musical heritage. Ode to Joy, a part of Beethoven’s masterpiece Ninth Symphony, became the anthem (hymna) of the European Union. Opera lovers can chose from a list of opera performances in one of the many opera houses, such as the Royal Opera House in London, where visitors can see both opera and ballet performances. A very famous concert venue in New York City is Carnegie Hall where concerts of classical as well as popular music are held. Spectators can enjoy it extraordinary acoustics.

                Fans of different music styles – pop, rock, jazz, blues or country can enjoy the music at music festivals of the different genres, go to see their favourite singers or groups live at concerts or simply listen to CDs, MP3 players or watch concerts on DVDs. Thanks to digital technology the music industry supplies the market with all possible music genres recorded on many different types of media.

                Slovakia is famous for its tradition of folklore music. Folklore groups dressed in traditional costumes dance at folklore festivals (the most famous is the one held in July in Východná). Young people prefer modern dance which includes many different types. Oriental dance is becoming very popular among women throughout the whole of Europe.

                Dramatic art has a very long tradition in countries like England and France. The famous English theatre company, the Royal Shakespeare Company Theatre, brings together famous actors and directors of the world to work on the greatest plays. Numerous London theatres are concentrated in the West End, the entertainment heart of London, which remained a fashionable place for theatre and opera throughout the years. One of the major cultural events in Scotland is the Edinburgh International Festival which is a festival of classical music, opera, theatre and dance. Slovak theatre-goers can also enjoy various types of theatre performances. Musicals, performed at the New Scene Theatre in Bratislava, have become very popular in the last few years. Other favourite theatres in this town include the Slovak National Theatre, the Small Scene of the Slovak National Theatre, the Hviezdoslav Theatre, the Arena Theatre and many others.

                Cinema generally enjoys great popularity. In Slovakia most films are of American productions; in the cinemas they are often shown with Slovak subtitles (titulky), on the TV they are dubbed (dabované). French, Spanish, and other foreign language film are quite rare, mostly presented at film festivals or in special film clubs. The most famous international film festivals are held in Cannes, Venice and Berlin. Ordinary small cinemas are now being replaced by large multi-screen air-conditioned complexes in shopping centres. Some of them have introduced three-dimensional (3D) films. In summer, people like to go to open-air cinemas. The number of cinema-goers has dropped throughout the years because films are now available on DVDs. They can be rented from DVD rental shops. Every year, actors, actresses, directors and screenplay writers are awarded a prize for their achievements in filmmaking. The Academy Award (Oscar) is the main national film award in the USA.

                There is a great variety of media in which an artist can work. Paintings (Fine Art) of famous painters and sculptors (sochári) like Picasso, Van Gogh, Rembrandt, Claude Monet or Michelangelo are immortal and their artworks can be seen in a number of museums around the world. The National Gallery in London houses on of the greatest collections of European paintings in the world. The Tate Gallery is the national gallery of British art, also located in London.

                Visitors to Bratislava can admire the colour paintings, landscapes, portraits and other works of arts in the Slovak National Gallery or the Bratislava City Gallery. The works of artists can be categorised into so called styles – Impressionism, Modernism, Surrealism, Naïve Art, Pop Art and others.

                Architecture is the art and science of designing buildings. It includes town planning, urban design, landscape architecture (development of gardens, parks) and interior design (furniture). Many architectural works may also be seen as cultural and political symbols and they are often works of art. They can have both a functional and aesthetic character. Some new architectonic structures were made possible only thanks to new materials and the development of technology. Famous architects of the Renaissance period were Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci, who were also artists and scientists. At that time there was no clear dividing line between an artist and an architect one of the most famous architects of the 20^th century was the controversial Austrian architect Friedensreich Hundertwasser, known for his revolutionary architectural designs.

                Cultural events in the countryside are not that frequent. People who live in villages all their lives prefer gardening, visiting friends or watching TV. Many inhabitants of Bratislava have recently moved to villages, trying to get away from the busy city life as they do not live too far from the city, they can still enjoy the cultural life the city offers.

 

Leonardo da Vinci was a painter, sculptor, engineer, scientist and architect. He lived from 1452-1519 and is a great figure of the Italian Renaissance. His painting an Italian nobleman’s wife called Zanoki del Giocondo, has become the most famous painting in the world, either under the tile La Giconda or the Mona Lisa.

                Picasso was born in 1881 in Spain although he did most of his painting in France. He is generally recognised as one of the most inventive painters of the 20^th century. He was already an accomplished (hotový, skvelý, majstrovský) artist at the age of 10, had his first exhibition aged 16 and continued painting well into his 80s. He is probably best known for his surrealist paintings.

                The Impressionist movement was named after Monet’s painting Impression, Sunrise. The movement (smer, hnutie) is particularly concerned with light effects and Monet often painted his subjects at different times of day to explore these effects. Born in Paris, I 1840, he began his Impressionist paintings in the 1860s. The First Impressionist exhibition was held in 1874. Monet produced many paintings which are still popular today, including Haystacks and Rouen Cathedral.

                Van Gogh is famous not only for his post-impressionist paintings but also for the wild temperament which led him to cutting off part of one ear and later committing suicide in 1890. The Dutch painter was born in 1853 and first worked as a schoolmaster in England before becoming a pointer. Like Picasso, he did most of his work in France, including his most famous paintings, The Sunflowers and The Chair.

                As well as being an artist, Andy Warhol, was also an accomplished filmmaker. He was born in Pittsburgh in 1928, a son of Slovak immigrants. After studying at an art college, he became one of the leading commercial artists of the 1950s, with his Pop Art style – including pictures of soup cans and drinks bottles. He was shot by a radical feminist in 1968 but survived. He carried on painting until his death in 1987.

Modern art is not about any one thing in particular. It reflects many concerns of modern life. For instance, with its strange jumble (zmes, miešanica) of colours, lines and shapes, it may not appear to be anything recognisable. It may depict real objects but in an unusual or distorted (prekrútený, skreslený, skomolený) way. Modern art does not usually tell a story. Instead, it may evoke feelings, ideas, and impressions which are hard to put into words. At the beginning of the last century, many artists turned away from the traditional depiction of nature. Photography, which was developed in the 1830s, had freed artists from the need to copy what they saw. They instead began to explore ideas about art itself or tapping their own feelings. They were also trying to express their feelings about changes that they experienced in the world around them.

watch the video - talking about your family https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vXI2lRCnTKw

topic1.Family-NEW.docx

vocab 1_Family_pokr..docx

PPT presentation  01_FAMILY.ppt

1. Family

• Name, age, date of birth, address, marital status, weekdays (daily routine) and weekends, important moments in your life
• Members of your family (appearance –výzor, character, hobbies), housework
• your perfect partner, your vision of your own family
• Family relations – which members of your family are you closest to (kto ti je najbližší, s kým si najviac rozumieš)? Why?

 

A family usually consists of (pozostáva z) a mother, father and their children (siblings (súrodenci) – brother, sister), and grandparents (grandfather and grandmother) who live together in one home. They are members of an immediate family (najbližšia rodina). But a family doesn’t consist just of our immediate family. We have cousins, uncles, aunts, nephews, nieces, mothers-in-law, fathers-in-law, sisters-in-law, brothers-in-law, who are members of our extended family (širšie príbuzenstvo).

A functioning family should provide protection (ochrana), education, help and security (bezpečnosť) to all its members. Strong relationships (vzťahy) are often created between siblings (súrodenci), cousins, parents, aunts, uncles, grandparents and other relatives (príbuzní).

        All family members have some duties (povinnosti) and responsibilities (zodpovednosti). Parents should teach their children what is good and bad, how to solve problems (riešiť problem) in life, how to become an independent (nezávislý) person and care about (starať sa o koho) others. Democratic parents talk with their children and respect them. Strict parents (prísni rodičia) do not make compromises, which often creates a generation gap (generačná priepasť/rozdiel) between them and their own children. The main duty of children is learning and going to school. They should also help their parents with housework (domáce práce). (I do the shopping, I do the washing up, I tidy up my room, I take out the trash; my mum cooks, washes and dry dishes, hoovers the floor, clears the table, sets the table, does the washing/washes the clothes, takes the dog for a walk; my father is responsible for feeding the dog, washing the windows, shovelling the snow, washing the car, cleaning the toilet and bathroom; my sister’s duty is (povinnosťou mojej sestry je) to dust the furniture (utierať prach z nábytku), to hang out (vyvesiť) the clothes/washing, to put away books, to make her bed, to water the flowers, to watch my little brother (dávať pozor na malého brata) and sometimes she goes shopping with me and my mum.

        Modern European families are monogamous (monogamné) most of young people get married (sa vydáva/žení) in their late twenties or early thirties. Many young people live together in the same home but are not a husband and wife. This is called cohabitation (spolužitie “na divoko”). Older generations think this is not correct.

        The wedding (svadba) is a formal act and it takes place in a town hall (radnica) or in a church (kostol). The engaged couple (snúbenecký pár) exchange their wedding rings (obrúčky) and promise themselves (sľúbiť si navzájom) to live together in good and bad and in illness too. Nowadays, many couples are divorced (rozvedené). Their frequent reasons for a divorce are problems with trust (dôvera), money, living with parents and parents-in-law, alcohol, drugs, gambling (gamblerstvo) and unemployement (nezamestnanosť).

        When one of the parents dies, children stay with a single parent (jediný rodič). A woman who loses (stratí) her husband (manžel) is called a widow (vdova) and a man is called a widower (vdovec). When they get married again, the new parents are called step- parents (nevlastní rodičia) and their children are step-sisters and step-brothers. Sometimes, divorced parents get married once again. Bad relationships with new step-parents lead to (viesť k niečomu) problems and frequent arguments (časté hádky).

        Family life is different all around the world. In Slovakia many families meet together for special days, such as on birthdays, at weddings, feasts (hody/hostiny) and funerals (pohreby), graduation ceremonies (promócie). A family, a real home and relatives (príbuzní) are what we need for life. They always help us when we need them.

• Biography, address, date of birth, marital status (single-slobodný, married- ženatý/vydatá, divorced-rozvedený/á, widow-vdova, widower, single mother – slobodná matka, single parent family, bachelor [bečlr](starý mládenec), spinster (stará dievka), boy/girlfriend, fiancé (snúbenec) [fionsei] – man you plan to marry/fiancée – woman you plan to marry, engagement – zásnuby, engagement ring, to be engaged – byť zasnúbený, wedding – svadba, bridegroom –ženích, bride – nevesta, wedding ceremony, honey moon – svadobná cesta, marriage – manželstvo, orphan – sirota, husband, wife, parents, mother, father); nuclear family – people you live with (najbližšia rodina, mother, father, siblings), step (nevlastná)- mother, brother, sister, mother-in-law (svokra) ; extended family – all your relatives (príbuzní) – cousin, uncle, aunt, grandparents,
• Important moments in your life (birth of your brother or sister, wedding anniversaries of your grandparents and parents, your birthday, family celebrations and holidays, moving from one place to another, the day when I went to school for the first time, the day when I learned that I had passed the talent exams and was accepted at the secondary school of arts, the day when I met my boyfriend/girlfriend, etc.)
• Members of your family – appearance (výzor), character (vlastnosti, charakter), hobbies. O najbližšej rodine vedieť a aspoň nejakého bratranca, prípadne uja, tetu), describe your family tree (rodostrom)
• Family relations – which members of your family are you closest to (kto ti je najbližší, s kým si najviac rozumieš)? Why?
• Family relations –celebrations (oslavy, sviatky, narodeniny, Vianoce, Veľká Noc when all members of your family get together), your daily routine – weekday, weekend (čo robíš cez deň, čo cez víkendy – pozor, prítomný jednoduchý čas, dej sa opakuje) (I wake up/get up at 6.oo o’clock, make my bed, clean my teeth, wash my face, have a shower, get dressed, comb my hair, have breakfast, put on my coat, leave home  at 7.00, I go to school by bus, my mum takes me to school, it takes me about 30 minutes to get to school, my lessons start at... and usually finish at, I have/do not have lunch at school canteen, I come back home/get home at..., I have a rest, have something for my lunch, do my homework, help my mother, watch TV, draw, paint, prepare for school, revise for my exams, go out with my friends, read a book, listen to the music, have a bath, go to bed.
• Generation gap (medzigeneračné rozdiely) – do your parents understand your problems, do they help you with them, do you talk to them about common things and about your relationships with your friends? Are they strict?
• How do you help your parents – house chores (domáce práce) ( I do the washing up, I go shopping, I walk my dog, take out the rubbish, I do the hoovering, every day I make my bed, on Sundays I usually tidy up my room / clear up the mess in my room, I play with my younger sister, etc.) Ako sú rozdelené domáce práce, kto čo robí
• Typical Slovak family, compare (porovnaj) your family life with family life in other countries (napr. In China  they have a single child policy; in less developed countries – all members of a family usually live together, in developed countries – when children grow up, they tend to move and live on their own.
• Slovakia - typical Slovak family is a complete family (úplná rodina) with 2 children, often one of the parents is unemployed (nezamestnaný). They live in a family house in a village together with grandparents or they live in a town in a three-room flat or four-room flat in a housing estate (na sídlisku). Mother works in an office or in a shop and father is a driver or worker. They go on holiday once a year, usually to Croatia. But the number (počet) of incomplete (neúplných) families has increased (vzrástol), there are a lot of single parent families – usually mother and one child. There are a lot of divorces. People get divorced because they have problems with money, trust (dôvera), one of the partners has a love affair, they don’t understand each other, they have different interests, a husband is drug addict or alcoholic or gambler (hazardný hráč), they don’t love each other anymore. Families in towns do not live together, in villages it is common that 3 generations live together – grandparents, parents and their children, in Slovakia you can get married when you are 18, but in case there is a serious reason (e.g. pregnancy – tehotenstvo) you might get permission to get married starting with the age of 16. You can have a civil or church wedding ceremony.
• Great Britain – children live with their parents until they finish their schools, but then they move and live on their own. A lot of families consist of one parent; there are lots of single-parent families. People often get divorced and get married again. Children often visit their parents at weekends, they go on holiday together and they spend Christmas together.
• The USA - children live with their parents until they finish their studies, but then they move and live on their own. They often live far away (veľmi ďaleko) from their parents, sometimes in a different state. Families usually get together on special days and occasions. They meet on Thanksgiving Day and eat roast turkey and vegetables. They have fun, they talk together and have family celebration. Families also meet at Christmas.
• Orphan – a child whose parents are dead, an orphan lives in an orphanage or a foster home, it is difficult to adopt children in our society, you have to fill in a lot of forms and they (the authorities) check your family, living conditions, income.

Otázky: 1. What does family mean to you?

2. What are the functions of a family?
3. What are the main roles of children and parents in a family?
4. What is cohabitation?
5. Why do people get divorced?
6. When does your family usually get together?
7. Describe your mother (appearance, character, hobbies)
8. Who are you closest to in your family and why? (kto ti je najbližší v rodine a prečo)
9. Make the pairs from the following words. Example: mother-father

Mother, brother, mother-in-law, aunt, niece, grandfather, daughter, sister-in-law, husband, father, sister, uncle, nephew, father-in-law, grandmother, wife, son, brother-in-law

10. What do you think, what are the qualities of an ideal father and mother? Use the phrases and vocabulary below to help you.

I think that an ideal father/mother should/shouldn’t be ……. (friendly, democratic, liberal, strict, helpful, reliable, emphatic, responsible)

In my opinion ideal parents should/shouldn’t…. (listen to their children, talk to their children, make compromises, solve their children’s problems, buy their children what they want, spend weekends with their children, punish their children)

Describing people – their appearance (opis ľudí – ich zovňajšok) How do they look like? 11. Describe 2 members of your family:

Age: young; middle-aged (v strednom veku); older; elderly (postarší), he is in his ealy 30s (má asi do 35 rokov), she is in her mid 30s (má asi 35 orkov); they are in their late 30s (majú takmer 40 rokov); he is retired (je na dôchodku)

Figure – build (postava): slim (štíhly); skinny (vychudnutý), thin (tenký, chuddy), he is of medium build (je strednej postavy- ani chudý, ani tučný); he is well-built (je urastený); plump (bacuľatý); fat (tučný); overweight (obézny)

Height (výška): small, tall, short; he is of medium height (je strednej výšky)

Face (tvár): thin, chubby (bucľatý), round (okrúhla; oval (oválna) square (štvorcová); sun-tanned (opálená); pale (bledý), full lips (plné pery); thin lips; long/straight/turned up (vyvrátený) nos. Skin (pleť): dark (snedý, tmavý), fair (svetlý).

Hair: long/short/straight (rovné)/curly (kučeravé) / wavy (vlnité); fringe (ofina), ponytail (vrkoč), spiky (na ježka), he is bald (on je plešatý), highlighted (melírované); dyed (farbené), blond, dark, fair (plavý, svetlý), grey, red, white.

Clothes: he/she usually wears casual (neformálne), smart (elegantné), fashionable (módne), old-fashioned (staromódne), conservative, elegant, comfortable (pohodlné), scruffy (rozgajdané) clothes, he/she is always neat (upravený);

Other features (iné znaky/črty): He wears glasses (nosí okuliare). He is scarred (je zjazvený). She has freckles (má pehy), he has a beard (bradu), moustache (fúzy), wrinkles (vrásky), he is unshaven (je neooholený).

 

 

1. FAMILY

FAMILY = the basic social group, present in all societies

- should provide companionship and security, love and emotional support
- different structures (vary from society to society):

NUCLEAR FAMILY (úplná rodina)
* 2 adults and their children = the main unit in many societies

EXTENDED FAMILY (široká rodina)
* nuclear family + granparents and other relatives

SINGLE PARENT FAMILY (jeden rodič)
* a result of divorce or unmarried mothers having children

STEP FAMILY (nevlastná rodina)
* created by the new marriage of a single parent
* there can be problems between the children and step parents (may not like each other, be jealous, etc.)

UNMARRIED COUPLES (slobodné páry)
* pretty common nowadays to co-habit without getting married (young people or elderly widowed couples ŕ find it economically practical to live together without marrying)

HOMOSEXUAL COUPLES
* also live together more openly today
* sometimes share their households with the children of one partner or with adopted children

The family composition in industrial societies has changed dramatically. Couples tend to have less children - averagely 2 (compared to 7 in 1800).
It is partly caused by the continuing changes in women´s roles:

* have joined the labour force
* increasing employment and education opportunities of women
* rising expectations of personal satisfaction through marriage and family

Some couples choose to postpone having children until their careers are well established or not to have any at all.
Childless families may also be the result of the availability of birth control measures (contraception, abortion).

The divorce trend: increasing, partly due to the fact that women are economically more self-supporting and legal grounds for divorce are eased, therefore it´s easier for partners to leave a dissatisfactory relationship.

Causes of split up: unfaithfulness, infertility, interefernce by in-laws, financial problems, jealousy...

Possible family problems: teenage mothers, abortion: Yes or No?, young couples, adoption, generation gap, housing...

OUTLET

- define family
- types of family units
- changes in family structure
- causes of the changes
- the divorce trend
- split up causes
- possible problems (name some and choose one for a longer talk)

QUESTIONS

1. What´s the right age to start a family?
2. Does having a baby mean one has to be married?
3. How long should people know each other before getting married?
4. Would you like to get married one day?
5. What kind of person should your potential spouse be?
6. What kind of wedding would you like to have? (Where) Would you like to go on your honeymoon?
7. Would you like to have children? How many?
8. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having children?
9. What makes a good marriage? What leads to marriage problems and divorce?
10. Do you agree that lifelong marriage is no longer expected in society?

watch the video - talking about your family https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vXI2lRCnTKw

topic1.Family-NEW.docx

vocab 1_Family_pokr..docx

PPT presentation  01_FAMILY.ppt

1. Family

• Name, age, date of birth, address, marital status, weekdays (daily routine) and weekends, important moments in your life
• Members of your family (appearance –výzor, character, hobbies), housework
• your perfect partner, your vision of your own family
• Family relations – which members of your family are you closest to (kto ti je najbližší, s kým si najviac rozumieš)? Why?

 

A family usually consists of (pozostáva z) a mother, father and their children (siblings (súrodenci) – brother, sister), and grandparents (grandfather and grandmother) who live together in one home. They are members of an immediate family (najbližšia rodina). But a family doesn’t consist just of our immediate family. We have cousins, uncles, aunts, nephews, nieces, mothers-in-law, fathers-in-law, sisters-in-law, brothers-in-law, who are members of our extended family (širšie príbuzenstvo).

A functioning family should provide protection (ochrana), education, help and security (bezpečnosť) to all its members. Strong relationships (vzťahy) are often created between siblings (súrodenci), cousins, parents, aunts, uncles, grandparents and other relatives (príbuzní).

        All family members have some duties (povinnosti) and responsibilities (zodpovednosti). Parents should teach their children what is good and bad, how to solve problems (riešiť problem) in life, how to become an independent (nezávislý) person and care about (starať sa o koho) others. Democratic parents talk with their children and respect them. Strict parents (prísni rodičia) do not make compromises, which often creates a generation gap (generačná priepasť/rozdiel) between them and their own children. The main duty of children is learning and going to school. They should also help their parents with housework (domáce práce). (I do the shopping, I do the washing up, I tidy up my room, I take out the trash; my mum cooks, washes and dry dishes, hoovers the floor, clears the table, sets the table, does the washing/washes the clothes, takes the dog for a walk; my father is responsible for feeding the dog, washing the windows, shovelling the snow, washing the car, cleaning the toilet and bathroom; my sister’s duty is (povinnosťou mojej sestry je) to dust the furniture (utierať prach z nábytku), to hang out (vyvesiť) the clothes/washing, to put away books, to make her bed, to water the flowers, to watch my little brother (dávať pozor na malého brata) and sometimes she goes shopping with me and my mum.

        Modern European families are monogamous (monogamné) most of young people get married (sa vydáva/žení) in their late twenties or early thirties. Many young people live together in the same home but are not a husband and wife. This is called cohabitation (spolužitie “na divoko”). Older generations think this is not correct.

        The wedding (svadba) is a formal act and it takes place in a town hall (radnica) or in a church (kostol). The engaged couple (snúbenecký pár) exchange their wedding rings (obrúčky) and promise themselves (sľúbiť si navzájom) to live together in good and bad and in illness too. Nowadays, many couples are divorced (rozvedené). Their frequent reasons for a divorce are problems with trust (dôvera), money, living with parents and parents-in-law, alcohol, drugs, gambling (gamblerstvo) and unemployement (nezamestnanosť).

        When one of the parents dies, children stay with a single parent (jediný rodič). A woman who loses (stratí) her husband (manžel) is called a widow (vdova) and a man is called a widower (vdovec). When they get married again, the new parents are called step- parents (nevlastní rodičia) and their children are step-sisters and step-brothers. Sometimes, divorced parents get married once again. Bad relationships with new step-parents lead to (viesť k niečomu) problems and frequent arguments (časté hádky).

        Family life is different all around the world. In Slovakia many families meet together for special days, such as on birthdays, at weddings, feasts (hody/hostiny) and funerals (pohreby), graduation ceremonies (promócie). A family, a real home and relatives (príbuzní) are what we need for life. They always help us when we need them.

• Biography, address, date of birth, marital status (single-slobodný, married- ženatý/vydatá, divorced-rozvedený/á, widow-vdova, widower, single mother – slobodná matka, single parent family, bachelor [bečlr](starý mládenec), spinster (stará dievka), boy/girlfriend, fiancé (snúbenec) [fionsei] – man you plan to marry/fiancée – woman you plan to marry, engagement – zásnuby, engagement ring, to be engaged – byť zasnúbený, wedding – svadba, bridegroom –ženích, bride – nevesta, wedding ceremony, honey moon – svadobná cesta, marriage – manželstvo, orphan – sirota, husband, wife, parents, mother, father); nuclear family – people you live with (najbližšia rodina, mother, father, siblings), step (nevlastná)- mother, brother, sister, mother-in-law (svokra) ; extended family – all your relatives (príbuzní) – cousin, uncle, aunt, grandparents,
• Important moments in your life (birth of your brother or sister, wedding anniversaries of your grandparents and parents, your birthday, family celebrations and holidays, moving from one place to another, the day when I went to school for the first time, the day when I learned that I had passed the talent exams and was accepted at the secondary school of arts, the day when I met my boyfriend/girlfriend, etc.)
• Members of your family – appearance (výzor), character (vlastnosti, charakter), hobbies. O najbližšej rodine vedieť a aspoň nejakého bratranca, prípadne uja, tetu), describe your family tree (rodostrom)
• Family relations – which members of your family are you closest to (kto ti je najbližší, s kým si najviac rozumieš)? Why?
• Family relations –celebrations (oslavy, sviatky, narodeniny, Vianoce, Veľká Noc when all members of your family get together), your daily routine – weekday, weekend (čo robíš cez deň, čo cez víkendy – pozor, prítomný jednoduchý čas, dej sa opakuje) (I wake up/get up at 6.oo o’clock, make my bed, clean my teeth, wash my face, have a shower, get dressed, comb my hair, have breakfast, put on my coat, leave home  at 7.00, I go to school by bus, my mum takes me to school, it takes me about 30 minutes to get to school, my lessons start at... and usually finish at, I have/do not have lunch at school canteen, I come back home/get home at..., I have a rest, have something for my lunch, do my homework, help my mother, watch TV, draw, paint, prepare for school, revise for my exams, go out with my friends, read a book, listen to the music, have a bath, go to bed.
• Generation gap (medzigeneračné rozdiely) – do your parents understand your problems, do they help you with them, do you talk to them about common things and about your relationships with your friends? Are they strict?
• How do you help your parents – house chores (domáce práce) ( I do the washing up, I go shopping, I walk my dog, take out the rubbish, I do the hoovering, every day I make my bed, on Sundays I usually tidy up my room / clear up the mess in my room, I play with my younger sister, etc.) Ako sú rozdelené domáce práce, kto čo robí
• Typical Slovak family, compare (porovnaj) your family life with family life in other countries (napr. In China  they have a single child policy; in less developed countries – all members of a family usually live together, in developed countries – when children grow up, they tend to move and live on their own.
• Slovakia - typical Slovak family is a complete family (úplná rodina) with 2 children, often one of the parents is unemployed (nezamestnaný). They live in a family house in a village together with grandparents or they live in a town in a three-room flat or four-room flat in a housing estate (na sídlisku). Mother works in an office or in a shop and father is a driver or worker. They go on holiday once a year, usually to Croatia. But the number (počet) of incomplete (neúplných) families has increased (vzrástol), there are a lot of single parent families – usually mother and one child. There are a lot of divorces. People get divorced because they have problems with money, trust (dôvera), one of the partners has a love affair, they don’t understand each other, they have different interests, a husband is drug addict or alcoholic or gambler (hazardný hráč), they don’t love each other anymore. Families in towns do not live together, in villages it is common that 3 generations live together – grandparents, parents and their children, in Slovakia you can get married when you are 18, but in case there is a serious reason (e.g. pregnancy – tehotenstvo) you might get permission to get married starting with the age of 16. You can have a civil or church wedding ceremony.
• Great Britain – children live with their parents until they finish their schools, but then they move and live on their own. A lot of families consist of one parent; there are lots of single-parent families. People often get divorced and get married again. Children often visit their parents at weekends, they go on holiday together and they spend Christmas together.
• The USA - children live with their parents until they finish their studies, but then they move and live on their own. They often live far away (veľmi ďaleko) from their parents, sometimes in a different state. Families usually get together on special days and occasions. They meet on Thanksgiving Day and eat roast turkey and vegetables. They have fun, they talk together and have family celebration. Families also meet at Christmas.
• Orphan – a child whose parents are dead, an orphan lives in an orphanage or a foster home, it is difficult to adopt children in our society, you have to fill in a lot of forms and they (the authorities) check your family, living conditions, income.

Otázky: 1. What does family mean to you?

2. What are the functions of a family?
3. What are the main roles of children and parents in a family?
4. What is cohabitation?
5. Why do people get divorced?
6. When does your family usually get together?
7. Describe your mother (appearance, character, hobbies)
8. Who are you closest to in your family and why? (kto ti je najbližší v rodine a prečo)
9. Make the pairs from the following words. Example: mother-father

Mother, brother, mother-in-law, aunt, niece, grandfather, daughter, sister-in-law, husband, father, sister, uncle, nephew, father-in-law, grandmother, wife, son, brother-in-law

10. What do you think, what are the qualities of an ideal father and mother? Use the phrases and vocabulary below to help you.

I think that an ideal father/mother should/shouldn’t be ……. (friendly, democratic, liberal, strict, helpful, reliable, emphatic, responsible)

In my opinion ideal parents should/shouldn’t…. (listen to their children, talk to their children, make compromises, solve their children’s problems, buy their children what they want, spend weekends with their children, punish their children)

Describing people – their appearance (opis ľudí – ich zovňajšok) How do they look like? 11. Describe 2 members of your family:

Age: young; middle-aged (v strednom veku); older; elderly (postarší), he is in his ealy 30s (má asi do 35 rokov), she is in her mid 30s (má asi 35 orkov); they are in their late 30s (majú takmer 40 rokov); he is retired (je na dôchodku)

Figure – build (postava): slim (štíhly); skinny (vychudnutý), thin (tenký, chuddy), he is of medium build (je strednej postavy- ani chudý, ani tučný); he is well-built (je urastený); plump (bacuľatý); fat (tučný); overweight (obézny)

Height (výška): small, tall, short; he is of medium height (je strednej výšky)

Face (tvár): thin, chubby (bucľatý), round (okrúhla; oval (oválna) square (štvorcová); sun-tanned (opálená); pale (bledý), full lips (plné pery); thin lips; long/straight/turned up (vyvrátený) nos. Skin (pleť): dark (snedý, tmavý), fair (svetlý).

Hair: long/short/straight (rovné)/curly (kučeravé) / wavy (vlnité); fringe (ofina), ponytail (vrkoč), spiky (na ježka), he is bald (on je plešatý), highlighted (melírované); dyed (farbené), blond, dark, fair (plavý, svetlý), grey, red, white.

Clothes: he/she usually wears casual (neformálne), smart (elegantné), fashionable (módne), old-fashioned (staromódne), conservative, elegant, comfortable (pohodlné), scruffy (rozgajdané) clothes, he/she is always neat (upravený);

Other features (iné znaky/črty): He wears glasses (nosí okuliare). He is scarred (je zjazvený). She has freckles (má pehy), he has a beard (bradu), moustache (fúzy), wrinkles (vrásky), he is unshaven (je neooholený).

 

 

1. FAMILY

FAMILY = the basic social group, present in all societies

- should provide companionship and security, love and emotional support
- different structures (vary from society to society):

NUCLEAR FAMILY (úplná rodina)
* 2 adults and their children = the main unit in many societies

EXTENDED FAMILY (široká rodina)
* nuclear family + granparents and other relatives

SINGLE PARENT FAMILY (jeden rodič)
* a result of divorce or unmarried mothers having children

STEP FAMILY (nevlastná rodina)
* created by the new marriage of a single parent
* there can be problems between the children and step parents (may not like each other, be jealous, etc.)

UNMARRIED COUPLES (slobodné páry)
* pretty common nowadays to co-habit without getting married (young people or elderly widowed couples ŕ find it economically practical to live together without marrying)

HOMOSEXUAL COUPLES
* also live together more openly today
* sometimes share their households with the children of one partner or with adopted children

The family composition in industrial societies has changed dramatically. Couples tend to have less children - averagely 2 (compared to 7 in 1800).
It is partly caused by the continuing changes in women´s roles:

* have joined the labour force
* increasing employment and education opportunities of women
* rising expectations of personal satisfaction through marriage and family

Some couples choose to postpone having children until their careers are well established or not to have any at all.
Childless families may also be the result of the availability of birth control measures (contraception, abortion).

The divorce trend: increasing, partly due to the fact that women are economically more self-supporting and legal grounds for divorce are eased, therefore it´s easier for partners to leave a dissatisfactory relationship.

Causes of split up: unfaithfulness, infertility, interefernce by in-laws, financial problems, jealousy...

Possible family problems: teenage mothers, abortion: Yes or No?, young couples, adoption, generation gap, housing...

OUTLET

- define family
- types of family units
- changes in family structure
- causes of the changes
- the divorce trend
- split up causes
- possible problems (name some and choose one for a longer talk)

QUESTIONS

1. What´s the right age to start a family?
2. Does having a baby mean one has to be married?
3. How long should people know each other before getting married?
4. Would you like to get married one day?
5. What kind of person should your potential spouse be?
6. What kind of wedding would you like to have? (Where) Would you like to go on your honeymoon?
7. Would you like to have children? How many?
8. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having children?
9. What makes a good marriage? What leads to marriage problems and divorce?
10. Do you agree that lifelong marriage is no longer expected in society?